Common Symptoms of Peptic Ulcer Disease

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common gastrointestinal condition characterised by open sores or ulcers that develop on the inner lining of the stomach (gastric ulcers) or the upper part of the small intestine, known as the duodenum (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers result from an imbalance between the protective factors of the gastrointestinal lining and the aggressive effects of stomach acid and digestive enzymes.

The most common causes of PUD are infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria and prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). While many people experience abdominal discomfort as the primary symptom, PUD can sometimes lead to serious complications such as bleeding, perforation, and obstruction. Early diagnosis and effective management are essential to prevent complications and improve quality of life.

What Are the Common Symptoms of Peptic Ulcer Disease?

1. Upper Abdominal Pain

   Abdominal pain is the most common symptom of a peptic ulcer. This pain is often described as dull or burning and tends to come and go over time. In some individuals, the pain occurs when the stomach is empty or during the night and may temporarily subside after eating. However, for others, eating can worsen the pain, highlighting the variable nature of peptic ulcer symptoms.

2. Indigestion

   Patients with indigestion often feel a sense of fullness in the stomach, even after eating a small amount. This is caused by excess stomach acid irritating the stomach lining. Additionally, stomach acid refluxing into the oesophagus can cause nausea, while increased gas in the stomach can lead to frequent belching.

3. Vomiting

   Patients with peptic ulcers commonly experience vomiting. Vomit may contain undigested food particles, which is caused by the reflux of stomach contents into the oesophagus. If there is bleeding from the ulcer, the vomit may contain blood streaks or resemble coffee grounds. Moreover, stomach acid can also be expelled with the vomit, irritating the oesophagus.

4. Black Stool

   Patients with peptic ulcers may have black stools, which is often a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding. When an ulcer bleeds, the blood mixes with digestive juices in the intestines, causing the stool to appear tar-like.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is a peptic ulcer the same as stomach cancer?

   No, a peptic ulcer and stomach cancer are two different diseases. Although long-lasting ulcers may have a risk of becoming cancerous. Most ulcers can be treated.

2. Can people with peptic ulcers drink coffee?

   Coffee can irritate the stomach lining, so people with peptic ulcers should limit or avoid drinking coffee.

3. Is there a genetic predisposition to peptic ulcers?

   There is currently no clear evidence that peptic ulcers are hereditary, but people with a family history of peptic ulcers may have a slightly higher risk of developing the condition.

4. What tests are needed to diagnose a peptic ulcer?

   Generally, an endoscopy, urea breath test, and blood test are required.

5. Can a peptic ulcer heal on its own?

   Not completely. Without timely treatment, it may recur or even lead to complications.

Book an Appointment at Pantai Hospitals

While peptic ulcers are common, they should not be overlooked. If you have questions about peptic ulcer disease, get in touch with us to book an appointment at your nearest Pantai Hospital to receive professional advice to help kickstart your health journey. To make an appointment for health screening, please contact the health screening centre at the Pantai Hospital nearest to you.

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